`random`

Pseudo-random number generators for various distributions. The default generator is the Mersenne Twister (period 2**19937-1).

For cryptographic randomness, use the secrets module instead.

Source-of-record: Lib/random.py, Modules/_randommodule.c, random docs.

Bookkeeping

Function	Effect
`seed(a=None, version=2)`	Initialise from `a` (int or `bytes`) or system entropy.
`getstate()`	Snapshot the internal state.
`setstate(state)`	Restore.

Function	Returns
`randrange(stop)` / `randrange(start, stop, step=1)`	Integer in range.
`randint(a, b)`	Inclusive integer.
`getrandbits(k)`	k-bit non-negative int.

Function	Returns
`choice(seq)`	One element.
`choices(population, weights=None, *, cum_weights=None, k=1)`	With replacement.
`shuffle(seq)`	In-place shuffle.
`sample(population, k, *, counts=None)`	Without replacement.

Function	Distribution
`random()`	Uniform 0.0 to 1.0.
`uniform(a, b)`	Uniform `[a, b]`.
`triangular(low=0.0, high=1.0, mode=None)`	Triangular.
`betavariate(alpha, beta)`	Beta.
`expovariate(lambd=1.0)`	Exponential.
`gammavariate(alpha, beta)`	Gamma.
`gauss(mu=0.0, sigma=1.0)` / `normalvariate(mu=0.0, sigma=1.0)`	Normal.
`lognormvariate(mu, sigma)`	Log-normal.
`vonmisesvariate(mu, kappa)`	von Mises.
`paretovariate(alpha)`	Pareto.
`weibullvariate(alpha, beta)`	Weibull.
`binomialvariate(n=1, p=0.5)`	Binomial (3.12+).

Random is the default class. Construct your own for isolated state. SystemRandom wraps os.urandom and rejects seed/getstate/setstate.

Area	State
Mersenne Twister core	Complete; bit-identical to CPython for the same seed.
All distributions	Complete.
`choices`, `sample`, `shuffle`	Complete.
`SystemRandom`	Complete.